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sin cos tan sec csc cot asin acos atan atan2 sinh cosh tanh exp ln log sqrt sign floor ceil trunc round mod sum δ Δ Φ °C °F
sin(x) As in MathcadThe sine of an angle.
Takes radians, or an angle written with deg. Element by element for a vector or matrix. Other trigonometric functions: cos, tan, sec, csc, cot.
The argument has no units, apart from angles: 30·deg is fine.
cos(x) As in MathcadThe cosine of an angle.
Takes radians, or an angle written with deg. Element by element for a vector or matrix. acos goes back.
The argument has no units, apart from angles: 60·deg is fine.
tan(x) As in MathcadThe tangent of an angle.
Takes radians, or an angle written with deg. Element by element for a vector or matrix. atan goes back.
The argument has no units, apart from angles.
sec(x) As in MathcadThe secant of an angle: 1 / cos(x).
Takes radians, or an angle written with deg. Element by element for a vector or matrix. See cos.
The argument has no units, apart from angles.
csc(x) As in MathcadThe cosecant of an angle: 1 / sin(x).
Takes radians, or an angle written with deg. Element by element for a vector or matrix. See sin.
The argument has no units, apart from angles.
cot(x) As in MathcadThe cotangent of an angle: 1 / tan(x).
Takes radians, or an angle written with deg. Element by element for a vector or matrix. See tan.
The argument has no units, apart from angles.
asin(x) As in MathcadThe angle, in radians from −π/2 to π/2, whose sine is x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. Divide by deg to see the answer in degrees. sin goes back.
The argument has no units.
acos(x) As in MathcadThe angle, in radians from 0 to π, whose cosine is x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. Divide by deg to see the answer in degrees. cos goes back.
The argument has no units.
atan(x) As in MathcadThe angle, in radians between −π/2 and π/2, whose tangent is x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. When you have both sides of the triangle, atan2 and angle also tell the quadrant. tan goes back.
The argument has no units.
atan2(x, y) As in MathcadThe angle of the point (x, y), in radians from −π to π.
Note the order: x first, then y. The answer is in the right quadrant, so atan2(−1, −1) is −3π/4, not π/4. angle gives the same angle from 0 to 2π.
x and y are used as plain numbers, and can have any units: the units are dropped.
sinh(x) As in MathcadThe hyperbolic sine of x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. See also cosh and tanh.
The argument has no units.
cosh(x) As in MathcadThe hyperbolic cosine of x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. See also sinh and tanh.
The argument has no units.
tanh(x) As in MathcadThe hyperbolic tangent of x: sinh(x) / cosh(x).
Element by element for a vector or matrix. It runs from −1 to 1.
The argument has no units.
exp(x) As in Mathcade raised to the power x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. ln goes back.
The argument has no units.
ln(x) As in MathcadThe natural logarithm of x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. A negative or complex x gives a complex answer: ln(−1) is πi. For other bases see log; exp goes back.
The argument has no units.
log(x, [b]) As in MathcadThe logarithm of x to base 10, or to base b when you give one.
Element by element for a vector or matrix; b is a single real number. A negative or complex x gives a complex answer. For natural logarithms use ln.
x has no units.
sqrt(x) As in MathcadThe square root of x.
Type it by name, as sqrt(x). A negative x gives an imaginary answer. Element by element for a vector or matrix.
Units are kept, with half the power: the square root of 9 m² is 3 m, and of 4 m is 2 m^0.5.
sign(x) As in MathcadThe sign of x: −1 for negative, 0 for zero, and 1 for positive.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. A complex x is read by its real part.
The answer has no units, whatever x has.
floor(x) As in MathcadThe largest whole number not above x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. Negative numbers go down: floor(−2.5) is −3. See also ceil, trunc and round.
Units are kept.
ceil(x) As in MathcadThe smallest whole number not below x.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. Negative numbers go up: ceil(−2.5) is −2. See also floor, trunc and round.
Units are kept.
trunc(x) As in Mathcadx with its fraction cut off, toward zero.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. trunc(−2.7) is −2. See also floor, ceil and round.
Units are kept.
round(x, [n]) As in Mathcadx rounded to n decimal places, or to a whole number when you leave n out.
A half rounds away from zero: round(2.5) is 3 and round(−2.5) is −3. A negative n rounds to tens, hundreds and so on. Element by element for a vector or matrix. See also floor, ceil and trunc.
Units are kept. n has no units.
mod(x, y) As in MathcadThe remainder of x divided by y.
The remainder has the sign of x: mod(−7, 3) is −1. x and y need not be whole numbers.
The answer takes x's units; y's units are not checked.
sum(v) As in MathcadThe sum of all the elements of a vector or matrix.
A single number gives itself. For a sum over a range variable, use the summation operator instead.
The elements must be in compatible units; the sum is in the array's units.
δ(m, n) As in MathcadKronecker's delta: 1 when m and n are equal, and 0 when they aren't.
Takes two real numbers. For Dirac's impulse, see Δ.
Δ(x) As in MathcadDirac's impulse as inverse Laplace transforms write it: 0 for any x but 0, and infinity at 0.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. For the step that jumps at 0, see Φ.
Φ(x) As in MathcadThe Heaviside step: 0 for negative x, and 1 for x of 0 or more.
Element by element for a vector or matrix. Unlike some definitions, Φ(0) is 1.
°C(t) MathMath’s ownA temperature in degrees Celsius, as an absolute temperature in kelvin.
Use it as a function to turn a Celsius reading into a quantity you can calculate with: °C(20) is 293.15 K. Written after a number as the unit degC, it shows a result in Celsius instead. °F does the same for Fahrenheit.
The argument has no units; the answer is in kelvin.
°F(t) MathMath’s ownA temperature in degrees Fahrenheit, as an absolute temperature in kelvin.
Use it as a function to turn a Fahrenheit reading into a quantity you can calculate with: °F(32) is 273.15 K. °C does the same for Celsius.
The argument has no units; the answer is in kelvin.